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The Geography Sited
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El Nino

These links have been carefully selected and were considered relevant and suitable for school use at the time of checking. Clicking on them will take you to other websites over which we have no control. If you have any doubts or concerns please check what is at the other end before using them in lessons. If you find any broken, re-directed or dead links please let us know.

  • * The 1997 El Niño
    The worst Southern Oscillation in history?
    This is an interesting site that contains articles tracking the development of the 1997 El Niño. It looks at the events associated with the ENSO including rainfall, disease, flooding and it's effect on marine life. It includes issues the reader may not initially associate with El Niño, such as cholera epidemics in Africa, decline in the Peruvian Penguin population and drought in Asia.
    Not only does this site provide an excellent account of the 1997/8 El Niño, it also offers a good global view of the ENSO effects.

    * Southern Oscillations
    How do they differ? Here you can view animations of past El Niño events based on sea temperature images, investigate other climatic factors such as Air Temperature, Global winds and precipitation. The data can be of a technical nature, but there is data here for everyone once a teacher has interpreted it.

    * USAToday Weather
    El Niño history, predictions, current weather and up to date reports are all here. The site concentrates on weather effects but includes an El Niño FAQ, plenty of graphics, diagrams to show how El Niño begins, and reports from a teacher onboard a ship monitoring El Niño.
    A very good site for school use.

    * El Niño explained
    What actually causes El Niño ? This is a short but clear explanation of what causes El Niño, what a convection cell actually is, and what happens before El Niño gets started. It's written well with a non-scientific audience in mind. A good introduction source for schools.

    * El Niño and drought
    How El Niño brings drought to Zambia. This is a 1997 article from The Times of Zambia. It is a quite detailed look at why El Niño causes drought and what the consequences are to farming and general life. It's a well written document full of information, but younger children will need the help of a teacher to interpret it. It's aimed at an Adult audience.

    * Precipitation in California
    This is another 'all round' good El Niño site. It concentrates mainly on the precipitation in California, but also looks at general climate issues, and flooding. If you want information about rainfall and flooding this is a good place to start.

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  • * El Niño and Landslide Hazards
    Maps for 1997-1998 showing possible risk areas, compiled by the US Geological Survey. This could be useful background research for advanced students wishing to research the effects of El Niño in terms of mass movement and landslides.

    * El Niño Rules
    Excellent coverage of all aspects of El Niño, including it's History, causes, effects and possible future. There is also a section considering Global Warming and El Niño. A good site for school use.

    * El Niño Theme Page
    An excellent site by NOAA, combining their own resources with links to other sites around the internet. It addresses the basic facts about El Niño, looks at what is happening now, and also includes a section on La Niña. Yet another good starting point for schools.

    * El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
    More information from NOAA covering El Niño history, background and current events. There are animations, pictures and texts, all suitable for use in schools.

    * Nova Online: Tracking El Niño
    Where is it, and what is it doing? A series of Dispatches, articles on the Anatomy of El Niño, and up to date information on El Niño Now. Plenty of information is provided and its a site well worth visiting.

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    March 1, 2006